The Trump Presidency | Biden Inaugurated

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africanspur

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Of course. Obviously every single drug has side-effects. Thus it is even more important to have a PROPER study to be able to have a risk-reward assessment. There can be - and I use your wording - "no such body of evidence" when we don't do a proper study. Which is what I am clearly stating and you seemingly agree with.





If you wanted to have a proper study you would do the following:
1. Randomized trial. With placebo control group.
2. Either have all treatments done early - including cases where the patientes are given Hydroxychloroquine (=HCQ) as early as when Covid19 is just assumed and waiting for the test result - OR at different stages to be able to compare effectively how useful or not it is depending on the stage.
3. Record the dosage
4. Trumps (=his medical advisers) recommendation was with Zinc. So the study should involve zinc either altogether or again use some with and some without to be able to recognise its added effect. Bonus points for blood results to see the patients zinc levels and how it effects the severity of the illness.
5. Ideally do the testruns with and without Azithromycin (=Azitro) as well.

This really isn't rocket science and I think you would agree with that procedure considering you seem to have some knowledge about how studies are conducted.


So let me use two more recent studies here:

https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2766117

Problem 1: No randomised placebo controlgroup. At all. Hence, the paper itself admits it: "Although randomized double-blind clinical trials are the optimal study design"

Problem 2: Most patients were already on deaths door when HCQ and/or Azitro was used. The drug wasn't given randomly, but in many cases a last minute Hail Mary.
Read: "although 56.1% of patients in all groups entered intensive care within 1 day of admission."
And: "Similarly, more patients receiving hydroxychloroquine + azithromycin (27.1%) and hydroxychloroquine alone (18.8%) than those taking azithromycin -alone (6.2%) and neither drug (8.1%) received mechanical ventilation."
And: "Among patients undergoing mechanical ventilation and receiving hydroxychloroquine + azithromycin, hydroxychloroquine alone, or azithromycin alone, 49.6% were ventilated before or concurrent with starting these treatments."
Essentially it says that people who were worse off got put on these drugs than those who didn't. Thus the entire study is pointless. And they even admit it themselves: "Fourth, the rapidity with which patients entered the ICU and underwent mechanical ventilation, often concurrently with initiating hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin, rendered these outcomes unsuitable for efficacy analyses."
"Fifth, adverse events were collected as having occurred at any point during hospitalization, potentially before drug initiation, although both medications were started on average within 1 day of admission; future studies should examine the onset of these events relative to drug timing."

Problem 3: No Zinc. Not even mentioned AT ALL in the entire document aka not even discussed why they didn't use it.


And this one: https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2012410

Problem 1: "45.8% of the patients were treated within 24 hours after presentation to the emergency department"
Again it was given late into the infection considering most were in the EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT.

Problem 2: "Hydroxychloroquine-treated patients were more severely ill at baseline than those who did not receive hydroxychloroquine (median ratio of partial pressure of arterial oxygen to the fraction of inspired oxygen, 223 vs. 360)"
Patients who were given HCQ were MORE severely ill than those that didn't get it -by quite the margin.

Problem 3: No Zinc. Not even mentioned AT ALL in the entire document aka not even discussed why they didn't use it.



And in case you want to mention the upcoming NIH study that at least uses an RCT approach: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04358068

Problem 1: Requirements for a positive Covid-19 test which delays the treatment rather than starting the treatment and just exclude those who turn out negative.
Problem 2: No control over the timing of the patients infection timeline. Is it early on in their infection or later?
Problem 3: Again no Zinc.

Bonus points: - Why only use blood tests for 10% of the participants?
- They assume another 23 weeks to follow the participants. While I generally do agree with it, even after 2 weeks of treatment of each individual patient we should already get some reasonable insight with this and Ih ope they will do give some temporary results before the 23 weeks are over.



Additionally above you were also refering to cardiac issues. The FDA mentions safety concerns as well: https://www.fda.gov/drugs/drug-safe...oroquine-covid-19-outside-hospital-setting-or
Except there are zero numbers there. No study, no findings, no numbers, nothing. Just FDA saying there are risks. It's useless.

The FDA links to Poison Control saying this: https://www.poison.org/articles/chloroquine-hydroxychloroquine
Again no study, no findings, no numbers, nothing.


So how about some actual numbers for it?

The WHO tested the cardiotoxicity of different antimalarial drugs - including HCQ - in 2017: https://www.who.int/malaria/mpac/mpac-mar2017-erg-cardiotoxicity-report-session2.pdf

"4.1. What is the frequency of sudden death attributable to the cardiotoxicity of different antimalarial medicines?
Despite hundreds of millions of doses administered in the treatment of malaria, there have been no reports of sudden unexplained death associated with quinine, chloroquine or amodiaquine, although each drug causes QT/QTc interval prolongation."


The American College of Cardiology agrees with that:
https://www.acc.org/latest-in-cardi...loroquine-azithromycin-treatment-for-covid-19

"Despite these suggestive findings, several hundred million courses of chloroquine have been used worldwide making it one of the most widely used drugs in history, without reports of arrhythmic death under World Health Organization surveillance."


Additionally the CDC isn't even mentioning QT/QTc interval prolongations: https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/resources/pdf/fsp/drugs/hydroxychloroquine.pdf
"Hydroxychloroquine is a relatively well tolerated medicine. The most common adverse reactions reported are stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, and headache. These side effects can often be lessened by taking hydroxychloroquine with food. Hydroxychloroquine may also cause itching in some people.
All medicines may have some side effects. Minor side effects such as nausea, occasional vomiting, or diarrhea usually do not require stopping the antimalarial drug. If you cannot tolerate your antimalarial drug, see your health care provider; other antimalarial drugs are available."


The Versus Arthritis organisation agrees with these side effects for HCQ:
"skin rashes, especially those made worse by sunlight
feeling sick (nausea) or indigestion
diarrhoea
headaches
bleaching of the hair or mild hair loss
tinnitus (ringing in the ears)
visual problems."


For the readers here is a list of side effects of another commonly used drug:
ringing in your ears, confusion, hallucinations, rapid breathing, seizure (convulsions);
severe nausea, vomiting, or stomach pain;
bloody or tarry stools, coughing up blood or vomit that looks like coffee grounds;
fever lasting longer than 3 days; or
swelling, or pain lasting longer than 10 days.
upset stomach, heartburn;
drowsiness; or
mild headache.
Who's that Pokemon ... I mean drug?
Aspirin



In the end HCQ is an antiviral drug. I am sure you do know that. When do antiviral drugs work the best? When given early / preemptively in order to delay the outbreak of the virus so the body has enough time to adjust and build up it's defenses. Naturally it does NOT work when given late into the illness.
Thus I would ask you to provide a single study that has proper methodology and uses HCQ early. Else Trumps statement that was quoted is simply correct.



Also why do I keep mentioning Zinc? Aside from Trump('s medical advisors) saying HCQ + Zinc, it at least for now has shown to have positive effects:
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.05.02.20080036v1.full.pdf

Results: "The addition of zinc sulfate did not impact the length of hospitalization, duration of Ventilation, or ICU duration. In univariate analyses, zinc sulfate increased the frequency of patients being discharged home, and decreased the need for ventilation, admission to the ICU, and mortality or transfer to hospice for patients who were never admitted to the ICU. After adjusting for the time at which zinc sulfate was added to our protocol, an increased frequency of being discharged home (OR 1.53, 95% CI 1.12-2.09) reduction in mortality or transfer to hospice remained significant (OR 0.449, 95% CI 0.271-0.744)."

Unfortunately it doesn't mention, if the patients were randomised. But it definitely should be tested.



So how about using HCQ early or even pre-emptively?

https://www.preprints.org/manuscript/202005.0057/v1
"According to clinical picture at admission, hydroxychloroquine increased the mean cumulative survival in all groups from 1,4 to 1,8 times. This difference was statistically significant in the mild group."
"I in a cohort of 166 patients from 18 to 85 years hospitalised with COVID-19, hydroxychloroquine treatment with 800mg added loading dose increased survival when patients were admitted in early stages of the disease."


https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S092485792030145X?via=ihub
"After a large COVID-19 exposure event in an LTCH in Korea, PEP using hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) was administered to 211 individuals, including 189 patients and 22 careworkers, whose baseline polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests for COVID-19 were negative. PEP was completed in 184 (97.4%) patients and 21 (95.5%) careworkers without serious adverse events. At the end of 14 days of quarantine, all follow-up PCR tests were negative. Based on our experience, further clinical studies are recommended for COVID-19 PEP."


Italian study about Lupus and Rheumatoid Arthritis patients who naturally take HCQ:
https://www.iltempo.it/salute/2020/...-terapia-idrossiclorochina-sars-cov2-1321227/
"Out of an audience of 65.000 chronic patients, who systematically take plaquenil / hydroxychloroquine, only 20 patients tested positive for the virus. Nobody died, nobody is in intensive care, according to the data collected so far".


https://crstoday.com/articles/not-r...for-the-treatment-and-prevention-of-covid-19/
"Earlier this year, after the outbreak of COVID-19 in China, clinicians there noticed that none of the first 178 COVID-19 patients admitted to the hospital had lupus. The clinicians then evaluated 80 lupus patients treated in the hospital’s dermatology department and found that none was infected with COVID-19. This observation prompted researchers to evaluate hydroxychloroquine in vitro for the treatment and prevention of COVID-19. Not only did hydroxychloroquine treat cells infected with the virus that causes COVID-19, but the drug also protected cells from becoming infected.
This research provides basic science evidence that hydroxychloroquine should be considered for both the prevention and treatment of COVID-19."


Now are these studies perfect? Of course not. But they so far indicate that early HCQ usage COULD provide a benefit and thus we NEED to conduct a PROPER study which I mentioned in my original post.





Everyone can politicise something. From politicians to media to companies to individuals. Scientists usually are depending on being financed, thus I do not criticise those that are without funding. I criticise those making flawed studies and the media who uses (aka politicses) these flawed studies to paint a picture that isn't true. Why they does it and if they do it based on their own ideology or are the mouthpiece for other interest groups I can't tell you.


The point is there are multiple studies ongoing right now. Multiple studies in the UK (2-3 in my hospital alone, as part of an international collaboration), multiple in America and I’m sure countless others in countries I don’t particularly follow or can’t read their language. Trials usually take some time, they’re not open and shut within a couple of weeks.

With respect, scientists across the world aren’t going to make trial decisions (with respect to Zinc) based on what Trump or his ‘medical advisors’ say.

I’m not really sure why you’ve linked me multiple non RCT trials when I’ve specifically said RCTs are ongoing for those treatments.

For the RCT you’ve linked; for problem 1, it would be ethically very sketchy to give someone a Covid treatment that can give severe side effects (and we’ll come to this later) when they don’t have the disease. So it is very reasonable to wait for the positive result. There isn’t really much you can do about the timings of when people present, especially as people are presenting in such different ways anyway. And this obsession with Zinc is….a bit strange. Zinc is not a deal breaker and other trials are looking into it.

They will have mentioned the blood tests, along with the self swab in a cohort of patients, to see whether those different methods of collection are equally efficacious. The current swab we have to do is pretty brutal, time consuming and usually elicits coughing. It would be great if we could start to diagnose this respiratory condition without making people cough all over us.

If you're that bothered about Zinc:

https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04373733?term=zinc&cond=Coronavirus&draw=2&rank=2

https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04334512?term=zinc&cond=Coronavirus&draw=2&rank=6

https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04370782?term=zinc&cond=Coronavirus&draw=2&rank=7

These are the RCTs, there are other types of trials which are using Zinc in combination with various medications too. As well as trials around the world looking into all kinds of different drugs ie

https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04392427?term=zinc&cond=Coronavirus&draw=2&rank=8


I think sadly, in your rush to make a political point, you have missed a rather important point. The dose used in malaria prophylaxis is not at all similar to the doses we use them for in rheumatological disease, nor in Covid. For an example, the dose of Chloroquine in malaria prophylaxis is about 300mg once a week. For lupus, its 155mg a day. For Covid, we’re tending to give it at doses of >500g a day. Even for malaria treatment, where the dose is higher than prophylaxis, we're still giving high doses compared to that. There are other issues with their data too, including the difficulty in picking up good data from many of the countries in which malaria is endemic and the presence of children in many of the trials as well. In addition, in other parts of the article, they have mentioned the presence of sudden death due to QTc prolongation (only in NA and Europe, where such data can be easily collected...what a surprise) and...unsurprisingly, in over half the cases, the drug wasn't being taken for anything t do with malaria (ie higher dose).

Going back to the Paracetamol point, if I give you 1 gram because of a fever, you’ll almost certainly be ok. If I give you 30g, I’ve probably caused liver damage and a horrible, slow death unless you get further medical attention (and still likely despite that).

This is really the important bit in the WHO article:

It is notable that with the extensive global usage of quinine in the first half of the 20th century and the enormous use of chloroquine (and to a lesser extent amodiaquine) in the second half, there have been no reports of sudden unexplained death suggestive of cardiac arrhythmia at the doses used for malaria treatment.



I could write a similar point about Paracetamol. There have been no reports of fulminant liver damage at the doses used for pyrexia. I mean, that’s not wrong but someone who’s taken a Paracetamol OD is not taking it at pyrexia doses and we’re not giving Hydroxy/chloro at normal malarial doses, we’re giving it at almost 20 times the weekly dose at times, especially when compared to prophylactic doses.

Some QT prolongation and ventricular arrhythmias in Hydroxychloroquine used in SLE/Covid doses:

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1547527120304355

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/15563650500514558

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/cric/2016/4626279/

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9922366/?from_single_result=9922366&expanded_search_query=9922366

The ACA link...is pretty much just copying the WHO article, in terms of its research?

Actually, the CDC does very much mention QTc prolongation: https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/new_info/2020/chloroquine.html

The issue is that you've gone on the factsheet for patients, where they will obviously change the language to cater for lay-people, not to mention that a) prolonged QT is not a side-effect where you can feel a symptom, unless its a very severe symptom and b) as we've already outlined, that factsheet is for patients taking it as a malarial prophylaxis dose, not at the doses we're talking about for Covid.

Aspirin is indeed also a very dangerous drug and can cause severe issues, including death in overdose. Which...again, comes back to the point I've been making multiple times in this post. Take 75mg Aspirin once? (though if you take even this dose daily for a while, you're at risk of developing stomach ulcers). Take Paracetamol 1g once? Take Chloroquine 300mg once a week? You'll almost certainly be fine.

If you take 10g Paracetamol? 5g Aspirin? 600mg Chloroquine every day for a period? You may still be totally fine...but it isn't the same as the former.

Actually, that isn't really true. We don't go around giving people anti viral medications just in case they develop viral infections for the most part. Though we might give it to people who are at incredibly high risk of certain conditions. It is again a risk-benefit thing with regards to these drugs and timing. Also I feel obliged to point out that malaria is not a virus, nor is HCQ an antiviral. Malaria is a parasite and HCQ is an anti-malarial that also happens to have anti-viral properties.

How early are we talking though? You seem to think within 24 hours of presentation is late?

The problem with your post is you are almost forcing me into taking a stance I do not actually hold because of the way you present it, you politicising it and the frankly dangerous misinformation you're writing. Firstly, the scientific world does not jump just because Trump says something. Secondly, there is a huge amount of research, on all manner of drugs, including HCQ/CQ/Zinc all across the world and that's just in the western world where we get enough exposure. Like most doctors/ scientists, I am waiting on good data before I make definitive statements either way.

We are in the middle of a global pandemic, only really 2-3 months or so into its effect on the West. Clinical trials, especially good ones, don't happen at the click of a finger. You need to design the study, you need to get ethical approval, you need to recruit, you need to make sure staff are aware, you need to make sure you have enough supplies, you need to actually do the study, then collect and analyse data and then send it to a reputable journal. You need to make sure you're minimising confounding factors and biases because things are not always as they seem initially. The issue is that Covid has led to a bit of a Science wild west, where any centre is publishing what is essentially rubbish on these pre-print sites/ dropbox/ google drive whatever and its diluting the actual important work. What I noticed initially was your dismissive attitude about its potential effects.

Right, of course they can. The issue is that you seem to genuinely believe (or at least be hinting at) that pretty much the entire world outside of Trump's inner circle doesn't want to bother making correct studies and accurate treatments and would rather people die...because of Trump. That people are making flawed studies to prove Trump wrong. The irony of course being that the original HCQ study from France was a pretty crap study. Even more ironic considering so many normal people/ politicians/ journalists latched onto it as a potential wonder cure with no understanding of the science behind it or having looked at the study design itself.

I would love for it to be amazing in terms of its outcomes but the evidence I've seen so far is not particularly promising. I hope the ongoing trials show better outcomes, for whatever drug.
 

Rado_N

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I find it incredulous that people in D.C and Puerto Rico do not have the right to vote
D.C residents can vote in the general election I believe. They ‘just’ have no representation in Congress or Senate, which yes is utterly ridiculous.
 

Atze-Peng

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You keep on misrepresenting what I am saying. Obviously giving you the benefit of a doubt and assuming it is a misunderstanding. So let's go at it from the start.
The original quote I reacted to was:
Trump: Negative hydroxychloroquine study was 'a Trump enemy statement'



'“If you look at the one survey, the only bad survey, they were giving it to people that were in very bad shape,” the president said. “They were very old. Almost dead. It was a Trump enemy statement.”



Trump went on to falsely claim that evidence suggests hydroxychloroquine does not have negative side effects. “What has been determined is it doesn’t harm you,” Trump said.



In reality, the Food and Drug Administration has said hydroxychloroquine should only be used as a coronavirus treatment in hopsital settings, due to “reports of serious heart rhythm problems” in virus patients who had received the drug.



When a reporter mentioned the FDA guidance, Trump said, “That’s not what I was told.”'

I said to it:
If it's so horrible, why has it been used for ages preemptively against Malaria?

This leaves two options: Either companies producing it have been lying for the same time about the severity of the potential side effects. Or there are certain interests at play currently that don't want Hydroxychloroquine being successful.



The limited research confirms what Trump has been saying. It works pretty decent when used very early on. It doesn't work when it's given late.

Yet, we haven't seen a single proper study with randomised controlgroups, let alone with zync being used.



I don't care who suggests certain treatments, but the moment Trump suggested this, we should have seen a proper study with proper methodology given starting treatment at different stages of the illness as well with or without zync. That would solve all discussion on the matter if it works or not. Yet more than 2 months later we have only seen lackluster research and a lot of politicising. Meanwhile we are potentially sacrificing life's for that.

What points do I make?
1. HCQ isn't as bad as the media campaign currently is making it out to be.
2. HCQ seems to work when it's given early and doesn't work when it's given late - which Trump is refering to.
3. We need a proper study on HCQ and Covid19 before jumping to conclusions.
4. Trumps recommendation for HCQ is being politicised rather than simply expression some concerns and wait for a proper study to be conducted.


Your reaction to it:

-Hydroxychloroquine has been used for prophylaxis against Malaria in the past because Malaria is a killer condition, which still kills more yearly than Covid has managed to so far. It was used for this killer condition with a good body of evidence that it works. This is not the case for Covid, where no such body of evidence exists.



-Literally every single drug is potentially dangerous. Even Paracetamol or Aspirin. Any good doctor should be warning you of the potential common side effects and the potential life threatening side effects of any new medication you're being started on.



-For Hydroxychloroquine, we would often do an ECG before beginning the drug, as well as some at regular intervals afterwards.



-We rarely use it as an anti-malarial prophylactic drug anymore in the UK because of its side effects.



-Unless I'm completely out of the loop, I'd be interested to see this study you mention which shows it works very well early on (unless its the study I'm thinking of, which was a truly appalling study). Why are there no RCTs with Hydroxychloroquine? Firstly, there have been and secondly, there are many still ongoing. The RCT so far shows pretty much no benefit. The original study which kicked all this off also showed little useful benefit.



It is honestly a bit ridiculous you think that scientists across the world are 'politicising'. As if British, French, German, Chinese, Indian, Egyptian, Brazilian, Japanese, Australian,Vietnamese scientists...whatever have decided they're not going to properly test Hydroxychloroquine because they all don't want Trump to be right.

1. Irrelevant to what I said.
2. Which we agree on, but again not about what I said.
3+4. Not what I said, but relevant to the point of HCQ being recommendet - thus I gave evidence on HCQ not being as dangerous as it is made out to be with a specific focus on the risk for cardiac issues.
4. You asked for studies that imply there could be benefits to HCQ early on. I provided those.
5. You are strawmanning what I said about it being politicised by hyperboling it to the ridiculous - which I clarified.


Now to get to your last reply:

The point is there are multiple studies ongoing right now. Multiple studies in the UK (2-3 in my hospital alone, as part of an international collaboration), multiple in America and I’m sure countless others in countries I don’t particularly follow or can’t read their language. Trials usually take some time, they’re not open and shut within a couple of weeks.
Irrelevant to what I said there not being a study about it so far. Give me one that provides evidence through proper methodology to base the current clear cut claims on HCQ not working at all. Not future ones that could come out eventually, but ones that exist right now on the 21th May 2020.



With respect, scientists across the world aren’t going to make trial decisions (with respect to Zinc) based on what Trump or his ‘medical advisors’ say.
They don't. But then you should be just as critical about unbased criticism of his recommendations as I am. Which is my entire point. People around here and in media as well as people like Fauci keep shitting on this without proper evidence on the matter rather than just saying "let's wait for proper research to be done".


I’m not really sure why you’ve linked me multiple non RCT trials when I’ve specifically said RCTs are ongoing for those treatments.
Because you are arguing a point I didn't make while I keep arguing my point.



For the RCT you’ve linked; for problem 1, it would be ethically very sketchy to give someone a Covid treatment that can give severe side effects (and we’ll come to this later) when they don’t have the disease. So it is very reasonable to wait for the positive result. There isn’t really much you can do about the timings of when people present, especially as people are presenting in such different ways anyway. And this obsession with Zinc is….a bit strange. Zinc is not a deal breaker and other trials are looking into it.
Depends on the dosage. Which is why I linked the two Lupus based researches that - and you yourself confirm that later in your comment - require lower dosages of HCQ while still seemingly having positive effects. So a proper study with early treatment could be conducted while using lower HCQ dosages. Especially since HCQ is such an old and commonly used drug that it is perfectly known when it becomes risky. So what exactly are you arguing here?

And why Zinc? Because I defended Trumps statement (specifically refering to HCQ + Zinc and not in general towards Trump) when people keep shitting on it despite there being no further proof, yet. People want to disprove his statement? Use Zinc. Plus it's not exactly a big secret that Zinc has antiviral benefits. And as it turns out, Covid19 is indeed a virus.



They will have mentioned the blood tests, along with the self swab in a cohort of patients, to see whether those different methods of collection are equally efficacious. The current swab we have to do is pretty brutal, time consuming and usually elicits coughing. It would be great if we could start to diagnose this respiratory condition without making people cough all over us.
Independant of our discussion - has it been confirmed yet that Covid19 is a respiratory condition and not a blood clotting issue that just so happens to attack the more fragile areas such as the respiratory system first?



If you're that bothered about Zinc:



https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04373733?term=zinc&cond=Coronavirus&draw=2&rank=2



https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04334512?term=zinc&cond=Coronavirus&draw=2&rank=6



https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04370782?term=zinc&cond=Coronavirus&draw=2&rank=7



These are the RCTs, there are other types of trials which are using Zinc in combination with various medications too. As well as trials around the world looking into all kinds of different drugs ie



https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04392427?term=zinc&cond=Coronavirus&draw=2&rank=8
Which are future studies. Glad they are testing it, but that is again off my point - the point being I defended Trump by pointing out a study using old, late-stage patients.
Flying over it, the first one does look rather promising in it's methodology, though.





I think sadly, in your rush to make a political point, you have missed a rather important point. The dose used in malaria prophylaxis is not at all similar to the doses we use them for in rheumatological disease, nor in Covid. For an example, the dose of Chloroquine in malaria prophylaxis is about 300mg once a week. For lupus, its 155mg a day. For Covid, we’re tending to give it at doses of >500g a day. Even for malaria treatment, where the dose is higher than prophylaxis, we're still giving high doses compared to that. There are other issues with their data too, including the difficulty in picking up good data from many of the countries in which malaria is endemic and the presence of children in many of the trials as well. In addition, in other parts of the article, they have mentioned the presence of sudden death due to QTc prolongation (only in NA and Europe, where such data can be easily collected...what a surprise) and...unsurprisingly, in over half the cases, the drug wasn't being taken for anything t do with malaria (ie higher dose).

Going back to the Paracetamol point, if I give you 1 gram because of a fever, you’ll almost certainly be ok. If I give you 30g, I’ve probably caused liver damage and a horrible, slow death unless you get further medical attention (and still likely despite that).
1. I am not rushing to a political point: I am forced to defend Trump, because people rush to a political point about him suggesting HCQ. Essentially I am saying "wait for proper research" before we jump to conclusions rather than using lackluster and flawed studies. Clear difference.
2. That's why we need proper studies so we can know the effectivity and dosage for HCQ. Assuming it works, the next step would obviously be figuring out the dosage. Including there being the possibility that the dosage can be lower when used earlier.
3. Proof for those deaths and HCQ being the cause and not just so happens to be used simultaneously?


This is really the important bit in the WHO article:

It is notable that with the extensive global usage of quinine in the first half of the 20th century and the enormous use of chloroquine (and to a lesser extent amodiaquine) in the second half, there have been no reports of sudden unexplained death suggestive of cardiac arrhythmia at the doses used for malaria treatment.

I could write a similar point about Paracetamol. There have been no reports of fulminant liver damage at the doses used for pyrexia. I mean, that’s not wrong but someone who’s taken a Paracetamol OD is not taking it at pyrexia doses and we’re not giving Hydroxy/chloro at normal malarial doses, we’re giving it at almost 20 times the weekly dose at times, especially when compared to prophylactic doses.
See above. All about dosage and point of illness when the treatment is started. And again there is a chance that the dosage can be lower when the treatment is started earlier. Doesn't disprove my point nor do I disagree with higher dosages being a potential risk.


Which proves my point that HCQ isn't a particulary dangerous drug. It has side-effects like all other drugs out there. Which we both agree. What made doctors decide for higher dosages in concerns to Covid19? That you have to ask said doctors. But my initial point was again that we lack proper studies (including ideally testing different dosages) where HCQ is applied early since as an antiviral drug it is the most effective then. I don't think we disagree here.



Actually, the CDC does very much mention QTc prolongation: https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/new_info/2020/chloroquine.html
I purposefully used a paper pre-Covid to show it wasn't a particulary big concern prior to it. I didn't say that it doesn't happen at all.



Aspirin is indeed also a very dangerous drug and can cause severe issues, including death in overdose. Which...again, comes back to the point I've been making multiple times in this post. Take 75mg Aspirin once? (though if you take even this dose daily for a while, you're at risk of developing stomach ulcers). Take Paracetamol 1g once? Take Chloroquine 300mg once a week? You'll almost certainly be fine.
If you take 10g Paracetamol? 5g Aspirin? 600mg Chloroquine every day for a period? You may still be totally fine...but it isn't the same as the former.
Which we both agree on. And which again requires proper studies to be conducted before jumping to conclusions.




Actually, that isn't really true. We don't go around giving people anti viral medications just in case they develop viral infections for the most part. Though we might give it to people who are at incredibly high risk of certain conditions. It is again a risk-benefit thing with regards to these drugs and timing. Also I feel obliged to point out that malaria is not a virus, nor is HCQ an antiviral. Malaria is a parasite and HCQ is an anti-malarial that also happens to have anti-viral properties.
If Covid19 is as dangerous as anticipated + the risk of mutation and it turns out HCQ does actually work well at a Malaria-level dosage used pre-emptively, then it surely should be a consideration. But for that we first need to have the proper studies conducted.



How early are we talking though? You seem to think within 24 hours of presentation is late?
As early as possible, but most studies rely on people getting tested in hospitals. Thus they already are at worse symptoms and thus in a worse stage than the average Covid19 patient. Ideally we would test people who first get positively tested at a general practicioner - albeit that causes some logistical issues.
So as we rely on hospital patients and people are already in an progressed state, then the tiem duration from arriving with the symptoms and getting the lab results could very well make a difference in the success of the treatment. Currently it is assumed 1-2 days, albeit in high outbreak areas it could (have been) way longer prior. Still, 1-2 days when going to the hospital for at least somewhat severe symptoms can already be the difference between medium severity and ICU. And assuming HCQ works better the earlier it is used - as well as assuming HCQ works at all with Covid19 - it would make a difference, don't you think?

And worst case is after 1-2 days of using it without having Covid19 the treament is stopped.



The problem with your post is you are almost forcing me into taking a stance I do not actually hold because of the way you present it, you politicising it and the frankly dangerous misinformation you're writing. Firstly, the scientific world does not jump just because Trump says something. Secondly, there is a huge amount of research, on all manner of drugs, including HCQ/CQ/Zinc all across the world and that's just in the western world where we get enough exposure. Like most doctors/ scientists, I am waiting on good data before I make definitive statements either way.
No, the scientific world doesn't jump, because Trump says something. But as long as we do not have reasonable proof on HCQ working or not neither should media and experts jump. Which they clearly did.
In addition you think I am forcing you into a stance, because you are misunderstanding my point which I explained above.


We are in the middle of a global pandemic, only really 2-3 months or so into its effect on the West. Clinical trials, especially good ones, don't happen at the click of a finger. You need to design the study, you need to get ethical approval, you need to recruit, you need to make sure staff are aware, you need to make sure you have enough supplies, you need to actually do the study, then collect and analyse data and then send it to a reputable journal. You need to make sure you're minimising confounding factors and biases because things are not always as they seem initially. The issue is that Covid has led to a bit of a Science wild west, where any centre is publishing what is essentially rubbish on these pre-print sites/ dropbox/ google drive whatever and its diluting the actual important work. What I noticed initially was your dismissive attitude about its potential effects.
We both agree here as well. Albeit it was known to be potentially quite a dangerous outbreak in late January (by WHO standards for a pandemic - which they themselves ignored - it would have been considered a pandemic early february), so that's 4 months. But not my point, either. I am criticising jumping conclusions before proper data occurs.



Right, of course they can. The issue is that you seem to genuinely believe (or at least be hinting at) that pretty much the entire world outside of Trump's inner circle doesn't want to bother making correct studies and accurate treatments and would rather people die...because of Trump. That people are making flawed studies to prove Trump wrong. The irony of course being that the original HCQ study from France was a pretty crap study. Even more ironic considering so many normal people/ politicians/ journalists latched onto it as a potential wonder cure with no understanding of the science behind it or having looked at the study design itself.
I am not implying that. But it doesn't quite matter what happens behind the scenes silently. What has an impact on people is what the loud minority is spouting - and it is something they usually spout out of any sort of self-interest, lobbyism and/or politicising.
For example when people like Dr. William Schaffner say out "The nail has virtually been put in the coffin of HCQ" in reference to this study, then there clearly is politicising at work. And this isn't the only example by any means - I just gave a crystal clear one. And looking at people in this thread, it's hard to deny that this bias also effects the public opinion - albeit that is quite anecdotal.


I would love for it to be amazing in terms of its outcomes but the evidence I've seen so far is not particularly promising. I hope the ongoing trials show better outcomes, for whatever drug.
Agreed. I hope we get proper researches done right so when it's out we do not have discussions about the studies being flawed or not and can use the drugs as treatment.



Additionally I will not post another pages long reply here. Especially since I do not think we are that far apart in what we mean and want. So, if there are some major disagreements, feel free to point them out, but don't expect me to go all out.
 

Mr Pigeon

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Why end long a post with saying you don't want a series of long posts? It's having your cake and eating it too.
Kind of feels like he's saying "don't want to make the thread messy and I'll read any long posts that come after mine but I won't make anymore myself". Could be wrong though.
 

Kentonio

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Atze-Peng said:
1. I am not rushing to a political point: I am forced to defend Trump, because people rush to a political point about him suggesting HCQ. Essentially I am saying "wait for proper research" before we jump to conclusions rather than using lackluster and flawed studies. Clear difference.
Sorry but this is just nonsense. Trump made it a political point when he started recommending people take it without any firm evidence it helps (which you concede) and without any firm evidence that it doesn’t cause harm (which you also concede). The fact that scientists and doctors have early indications that it could be quite harmful is reason enough for Trump and his defenders to shut their mouths until the proper studies are carried out.

No you don’t get to use a lack of existing studies as a reason to defend using a potentially harmful substance.
 

Kentonio

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Kind of feels like he's saying "don't want to make the thread messy and I'll read any long posts that come after mine but I won't make anymore myself". Could be wrong though.
Just read like an attempt to get the last (long) word in to me.
 

decorativeed

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You keep on misrepresenting what I am saying. Obviously giving you the benefit of a doubt and assuming it is a misunderstanding. So let's go at it from the start.
The original quote I reacted to was:
I said to it:

What points do I make?
1. HCQ isn't as bad as the media campaign currently is making it out to be.
2. HCQ seems to work when it's given early and doesn't work when it's given late - which Trump is refering to.
3. We need a proper study on HCQ and Covid19 before jumping to conclusions.
4. Trumps recommendation for HCQ is being politicised rather than simply expression some concerns and wait for a proper study to be conducted.


Your reaction to it:


1. Irrelevant to what I said.
2. Which we agree on, but again not about what I said.
3+4. Not what I said, but relevant to the point of HCQ being recommendet - thus I gave evidence on HCQ not being as dangerous as it is made out to be with a specific focus on the risk for cardiac issues.
4. You asked for studies that imply there could be benefits to HCQ early on. I provided those.
5. You are strawmanning what I said about it being politicised by hyperboling it to the ridiculous - which I clarified.


Now to get to your last reply:


Irrelevant to what I said there not being a study about it so far. Give me one that provides evidence through proper methodology to base the current clear cut claims on HCQ not working at all. Not future ones that could come out eventually, but ones that exist right now on the 21th May 2020.




They don't. But then you should be just as critical about unbased criticism of his recommendations as I am. Which is my entire point. People around here and in media as well as people like Fauci keep shitting on this without proper evidence on the matter rather than just saying "let's wait for proper research to be done".



Because you are arguing a point I didn't make while I keep arguing my point.




Depends on the dosage. Which is why I linked the two Lupus based researches that - and you yourself confirm that later in your comment - require lower dosages of HCQ while still seemingly having positive effects. So a proper study with early treatment could be conducted while using lower HCQ dosages. Especially since HCQ is such an old and commonly used drug that it is perfectly known when it becomes risky. So what exactly are you arguing here?

And why Zinc? Because I defended Trumps statement (specifically refering to HCQ + Zinc and not in general towards Trump) when people keep shitting on it despite there being no further proof, yet. People want to disprove his statement? Use Zinc. Plus it's not exactly a big secret that Zinc has antiviral benefits. And as it turns out, Covid19 is indeed a virus.




Independant of our discussion - has it been confirmed yet that Covid19 is a respiratory condition and not a blood clotting issue that just so happens to attack the more fragile areas such as the respiratory system first?




Which are future studies. Glad they are testing it, but that is again off my point - the point being I defended Trump by pointing out a study using old, late-stage patients.
Flying over it, the first one does look rather promising in it's methodology, though.






1. I am not rushing to a political point: I am forced to defend Trump, because people rush to a political point about him suggesting HCQ. Essentially I am saying "wait for proper research" before we jump to conclusions rather than using lackluster and flawed studies. Clear difference.
2. That's why we need proper studies so we can know the effectivity and dosage for HCQ. Assuming it works, the next step would obviously be figuring out the dosage. Including there being the possibility that the dosage can be lower when used earlier.
3. Proof for those deaths and HCQ being the cause and not just so happens to be used simultaneously?



See above. All about dosage and point of illness when the treatment is started. And again there is a chance that the dosage can be lower when the treatment is started earlier. Doesn't disprove my point nor do I disagree with higher dosages being a potential risk.




Which proves my point that HCQ isn't a particulary dangerous drug. It has side-effects like all other drugs out there. Which we both agree. What made doctors decide for higher dosages in concerns to Covid19? That you have to ask said doctors. But my initial point was again that we lack proper studies (including ideally testing different dosages) where HCQ is applied early since as an antiviral drug it is the most effective then. I don't think we disagree here.




I purposefully used a paper pre-Covid to show it wasn't a particulary big concern prior to it. I didn't say that it doesn't happen at all.




Which we both agree on. And which again requires proper studies to be conducted before jumping to conclusions.





If Covid19 is as dangerous as anticipated + the risk of mutation and it turns out HCQ does actually work well at a Malaria-level dosage used pre-emptively, then it surely should be a consideration. But for that we first need to have the proper studies conducted.




As early as possible, but most studies rely on people getting tested in hospitals. Thus they already are at worse symptoms and thus in a worse stage than the average Covid19 patient. Ideally we would test people who first get positively tested at a general practicioner - albeit that causes some logistical issues.
So as we rely on hospital patients and people are already in an progressed state, then the tiem duration from arriving with the symptoms and getting the lab results could very well make a difference in the success of the treatment. Currently it is assumed 1-2 days, albeit in high outbreak areas it could (have been) way longer prior. Still, 1-2 days when going to the hospital for at least somewhat severe symptoms can already be the difference between medium severity and ICU. And assuming HCQ works better the earlier it is used - as well as assuming HCQ works at all with Covid19 - it would make a difference, don't you think?

And worst case is after 1-2 days of using it without having Covid19 the treament is stopped.





No, the scientific world doesn't jump, because Trump says something. But as long as we do not have reasonable proof on HCQ working or not neither should media and experts jump. Which they clearly did.
In addition you think I am forcing you into a stance, because you are misunderstanding my point which I explained above.




We both agree here as well. Albeit it was known to be potentially quite a dangerous outbreak in late January (by WHO standards for a pandemic - which they themselves ignored - it would have been considered a pandemic early february), so that's 4 months. But not my point, either. I am criticising jumping conclusions before proper data occurs.




I am not implying that. But it doesn't quite matter what happens behind the scenes silently. What has an impact on people is what the loud minority is spouting - and it is something they usually spout out of any sort of self-interest, lobbyism and/or politicising.
For example when people like Dr. William Schaffner say out "The nail has virtually been put in the coffin of HCQ" in reference to this study, then there clearly is politicising at work. And this isn't the only example by any means - I just gave a crystal clear one. And looking at people in this thread, it's hard to deny that this bias also effects the public opinion - albeit that is quite anecdotal.



Agreed. I hope we get proper researches done right so when it's out we do not have discussions about the studies being flawed or not and can use the drugs as treatment.



Additionally I will not post another pages long reply here. Especially since I do not think we are that far apart in what we mean and want. So, if there are some major disagreements, feel free to point them out, but don't expect me to go all out.
Could have saved yourself a lot of work by just admitting you don't know more than other posters here who are medical professionals. No shame in that.
 

Drifter

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What a surprise . They voted in Betsy Devos and Ben Carson. Only the best people.
 

Pexbo

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Just in time to complete his book before November.

Which will be explosive... publishing blocked... sentence commuted and decide it’s best the book was never released.
 

Drifter

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Michigan AG says as far as her department is concerned, Trump is ‘no longer welcome’


On CNN Thursday, Michigan Attorney General Dana Nessel, who had warned President Donald Trump to follow the law on protective equipment at his speech at the Ford plant, suggested he will not be allowed to hold similar events going forward, and that she will be speaking to Ford about its failure to enforce the law and their own policy.
“Is the president no longer welcome in Michigan?” asked anchor Wolf Blitzer.

“Well, I would say speaking on behalf of my department and my office, that’s exactly right,” said Nessel. “Today’s events were extremely disappointing and yet totally predictable … the president is like a petulant child who refuses to follow the rules. I have to say this is no joke.”

“I think the message he sent is the same message since he first took office in 2017, which is, I don’t care about you, I don’t care about your health, about your safety, your welfare. I don’t care about anyone but myself,” said Nessel.

“Because you actually have threatened action against any company or facility, for that matter, that allows the president inside without a mask,” said Blitzer. “So will this Ford plant, for example, face any consequences?”

“I think that we’re going to have to have a serious conversation with Ford in the event that they permitted the president to be in publicly enclosed places in violation of the order,” said Nessel. “They knew exactly what the order was and if they permitted anyone, even the president of the United States, to defy that order, I think it has serious health consequences, potentially their workers. This was a lengthy negotiation and discussion between the UAW, the big three auto manufacturers and our governor to ensure if people went back to work they would be safe.”
https://www.rawstory.com/2020/05/mi...ment-is-concerned-trump-is-no-longer-welcome/
 

Mr Pigeon

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It does look like Trump is looking for a new propaganda machine . OAN already as Eric's wife on there and Don Jnr's girlfriend is also joining them.
Must be his replacement for the Trump News Network that would have been in full swing right now had he lost the election like he intended.
 

Rob

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So much for the illusion of an independent press.
Yeah. It’s easy to forget with all the shit this administration brings, but having a president explicitly saying that it’s Fox’s job to help get him re-elected is.. well, so Trumpian. It’s incredible how far standards have fallen in just three years.
 
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