Interesting thread but it begs the questions: exactly how responsible are we for the actions of our ancestors? And is that a fair stick to beat people with?
Within the first two decades of the 17th century, the
East India Company was the wealthiest commercial operation in the world with 50,000 employees worldwide and a private fleet of 200 ships. The vast displacement of blacks from Africa into the West and Indians displaced across Asia and Africa to perform physically intensive slave labour were acts by the white British establishment.
Slaves traders and East India Company employees (Eg Colston, Milligan, Rhodes, Courteen, Lancaster, Roe, Hastings ...
there are 1000s of them from literally
every village and town across England) garnered heinous levels of wealth, way in excess of what their family required. Upon death, they bequeathed some of these funds to whitewash their legacy through public charitable donations, or left as inheritance to continue white supremacy in subsequent bloodline generations. I'm not aware of many donations or inheritance that went to the countries or communities they looted or enslaved.
These funds (including from the
Opium business) were also used to fuel the Industrial Revolution, but again using stolen natural resources from colonised lands and racist economic policy (eg forcing Indians to buy inferior and more expensive cotton made in northern English towns) to solely advance the British population.
As generations passed, so the white UK population advanced with better schooling and health services. An interesting anecdote I was once explained was to note that UK villages (eg Cotswolds but their are many) are now gentile, wealthy with huge stately homes, churches and public services. And yet in India or Africa, villages are places of backwardness and poverty. Why is that?
In my opinion, it's because even the lowest clerks and employees of East India Company, who came from what were poor English villages at the time, managed to earn enormous wealth in their lifetime, and invested that into their home and community. There are many evidences of poorer uneducated East India Company employees who couldn't believe their eyes at just how relatively wealthy even rural Indians were.
Though it's almost certainly been proven that
Lord Macaulay didn't say the following, the sentiment is accurate and describes what ended up happening:
"I have travelled across the length and breadth of India and I have not seen one person who is a beggar, who is a thief. Such wealth I have seen in this country, such high moral values, people of such calibre, that I do not think we would ever conquer this country, unless we break the very backbone of this nation, which is her spiritual and cultural heritage, and, therefore, I propose that we replace her old and ancient education system, her culture, for if the Indians think that all that is foreign and English is good and greater than their own, they will lose their self-esteem, their native culture and they will become what we want them, a truly dominated nation."
As 21st Century Brits, we enjoy many of our privileges versus other nations based on gains from slavery and looting during the empire era.