They are all related, yep. And some of the pioneering concepts were
extremely attacking — with as many as 8 forwards! As you pointed out, they all influence modern approaches in a myriad of ways.
- The 2—3—5 (also known as the Pyramid) originated in the 19th century, and was the first wide-spread and ultra-successful formation in football (ranging from Britain and the continent at large to South America).
- Then you have a variant of the 2—3—5, with the center forward having more freedom as a deep-lying forward of sorts (with the innovation bring traced to the aforementioned lot, as well as coaches like Hogan and Meisl (which led to the Danubian school moniker)).
- Yet another variant of the 2—3—5: Pozzo's iconic 2—3—2—3 defensive strategy from Italy's World Cup titles (a strong basis for future 4—3—3 variants), where the inside forwards were asked to be more spatially responsible, the halfbacks were repositioned to further secure the outside channels, and the central halfback became a proper conduit and anchor (inspired by Charlie Roberts (United's captain for over a decade), who was arguably the first true defensive midfielder and one of Pozzo's favorites while he studied in Manchester).
False 9s, inside forwards, mezzalas, underlapping fullbacks, the Makelélé role, collective stuff like pressing and counter-pressing, and so forth — all very classical concepts, albeit fine-tuned and interpreted at very high levels with the passage of time.