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Cheimoon

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London to New York in 15 minutes would be impressive, I just find this a bit gimmicky. My mate took his mum to new York on concorde, BA employee. Yeah it was all 1st class but the plane still worked with pulleys and levers like a trident.
Yeah, I'd say it's pretty useless for ordinary folk: too expensive to justify the price. But for high-ups in companies and governments that are jetting all over the place all the time and may 'lose' enormous amounts of time sitting on planes, they will be happy with this and won't care about the costs.
 

Cheimoon

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Nature Briefing said:
The 2,000 stars with the best view of Earth

Astronomers have pinpointed more than 2,000 stars from where, in the not-too-distant past or future, Earth could be detected transiting across the face of the Sun. If there are aliens living on planets around those stars, with at least a similar level of technological advancement to our own, then they would theoretically be able to spot us. The work offers a new way of thinking about the search for extraterrestrial life, says astronomer Lisa Kaltenegger. “Who has the cosmic front seat to see us?” she asks. “For whom would we be the aliens?”
Full article: https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-01692-7
 

Cheimoon

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I was reading an article on CBC today called 'How electric vehicles could transform the power grid', and it sounded really cool. Here's the key bit:
CBC News said:
More electric vehicles are becoming capable of not only storing energy for driving, but also for powering buildings and the wider grid, thanks to a capability called "bidirectional charging."

It's an emerging technology that could keep fridges, lights and the internet on in homes and other buildings during emergencies, eliminating or reducing the impact of most power outages.

Bidirectional charging also has the potential to make the entire power grid greener and more efficient, enabling increased and better use of wind and solar power. Here's a closer look at the technology.
Source: https://www.cbc.ca/news/science/ev-to-grid-1.6100454

Some of the bigger electric cars will have really strong batteries - like that F150. So you can use them to go to emergency sites and provide power (yes, as a generator). And you'll be able to power your home for a few days with your car's battery (assuming it's charged :) ) in case of an outage. It's even good for climate change, as cars will be able to be part of surplus electricity storage, compensating for some of the fluctuations in the electricity generation of solar panels and wind turbines. As explained in this bit:
For one thing, electric vehicles can be driven to locations where extra power is needed during natural disasters and mass evacuations.

But taking this one step further, feeding power beyond a single building to the grid itself is a concept known as vehicle-to-grid or V2G, which could potentially benefit the whole power system.

"It's going to give a lot more grid resiliency," said Landrigan. If a generating unit goes down or a power line falls, he said, "we can use the tremendous power of these batteries for … keeping the power on for everybody."

Utilities are also trying to incorporate more wind and solar — cleaner but more variable power sources that don't necessarily generate maximum power when it's most needed.

Wind and solar made up 10 per cent of the global power mix in 2019, but need to grow to 60 per cent by 2050 to meet the targets of the Paris climate agreement, according to Francisco Boshell, of the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA).

And their variability will require more storage and backup power to manage supply and demand in the system — something electric vehicles could offer through bidirectional charging.
They even have a pretty picture:
 

The Firestarter

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I was reading an article on CBC today called 'How electric vehicles could transform the power grid', and it sounded really cool. Here's the key bit:

Source: https://www.cbc.ca/news/science/ev-to-grid-1.6100454

Some of the bigger electric cars will have really strong batteries - like that F150. So you can use them to go to emergency sites and provide power (yes, as a generator). And you'll be able to power your home for a few days with your car's battery (assuming it's charged :) ) in case of an outage. It's even good for climate change, as cars will be able to be part of surplus electricity storage, compensating for some of the fluctuations in the electricity generation of solar panels and wind turbines. As explained in this bit:

They even have a pretty picture:
That was emerging tech 7 years ago I think. Maybe only Teslas could do it back then though.
 

Cheimoon

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That was emerging tech 7 years ago I think. Maybe only Teslas could do it back then though.
Yeah, clearly it's not new, as there are already cars that can do it. This is what the article says about that:
The Nissan Leaf and Mitsubishi's Outlander plug-in hybrid are currently the only consumer models on the Canadian market that have bidirectional charging, according to Nova Scotia Power.

The utility is running a pilot to test the integration of such vehicles into its grid.

But other manufacturers have said their vehicles will have the feature soon, including Ford's F-150 Lightning pickup truck and all Volkswagen EVs. Some non-consumer vehicles, such as school buses made by the Quebec-based Lion Electric, also support bidirectional charging.

David Landrigan, vice-president of commercial for Nova Scotia Power, predicts it will eventually be the norm for EVs.

"I actually can't see any electric vehicle not allowing bidirectional charging in the future, just because of the amount of value it brings," he said.
This might be from a Canadian perspective; a lot of European brands aren't available over here.
 

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Wasn't sure where to put this but it feels as good a place as any. Add Moon wobbling to what seems a growing list of bad news. Pity some coastal areas.

 

Buster15

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Wasn't sure where to put this but it feels as good a place as any. Add Moon wobbling to what seems a growing list of bad news. Pity some coastal areas.

Do they say why our Moon is set to wobble.
Clearly there has to be some kind of force involved. Gravity?
 

Oldyella

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Do they say why our Moon is set to wobble.
Clearly there has to be some kind of force involved. Gravity?
Just one of those things that's always happened apparently, but rising sea levels means a much greater impact this cycle.
 

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Wish they'd use a word other than wobble in scenarios such as this. It just doesn't sound serious enough.
 

Buster15

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Just one of those things that's always happened apparently, but rising sea levels means a much greater impact this cycle.
Understand that thanks.
But it must take a massive force on the Moon to cause it to wonder from its established orbit. Maybe I ought to Google it.
 

Buster15

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Ah sorry. Get you. Appears to just be a varying speed. Below is the best I could find.

https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10836
Really appreciate that. From what I read and understood, it appeared more like a rotational variation as viewed from the Earth.
But obviously it must be more than that for NASA to warn of impending effects on our tides.
 

Buster15

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Just read something about it from the Washington Post.
The easiest way to look at it is if you flap your hands in a bath. That causes ripples and waves.
But when the bath is almost full, those ripples and waves start to slosh the water over the side of the bath.

Rising sea levels resulting from climate change compounded with the effects of the Moon wobble tidal effects resulting in the increased likelihood of flooding.

Apparently this is a cyclic phenomenon over something like an 18.6 years cycle.
 

Oldyella

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Just read something about it from the Washington Post.
The easiest way to look at it is if you flap your hands in a bath. That causes ripples and waves.
But when the bath is almost full, those ripples and waves start to slosh the water over the side of the bath.

Rising sea levels resulting from climate change compounded with the effects of the Moon wobble tidal effects resulting in the increased likelihood of flooding.

Apparently this is a cyclic phenomenon over something like an 18.6 years cycle.
Wouldn't fancy living too near the sea in a few years.
 

Cheimoon

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Wish they'd use a word other than wobble in scenarios such as this. It just doesn't sound serious enough.
It sounds pretty serious to me actually - I mean, if something as fecking big as the moon wobbles... :eek: Maybe you need to imagine it more literally (with an actual face on the moon and the whole thing going all wobbly. :D )

Seriously though, that's nice going for us. As if people living on coasts didn't have enough to look forward to as it was already...
 

11101

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Wish they'd use a word other than wobble in scenarios such as this. It just doesn't sound serious enough.
It's called axial precession. It happens to every orbiting body as far as we know.

What's good for climate change is that the earth is trending towards a lower axial tilt and wobble, which will cool the earth just in time for our great grandkids x100.
 

Cheimoon

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So every spot on earth has its own geological footprint, and you can follow where creatures have lived by analyzing how permanent parts of the body that grow slowly include elements from different parts of the earth. Or in more detail (and better explained), for the mammoth that this is ultimately about:
Nature said:
Every place on Earth has a distinct chemical signature based on differences in its geology. The ratios of various isotopes of elements such as strontium and oxygen in the bedrock and water create a unique profile specific to that location that remains consistent over millennia, and is incorporated into soil and plants. As mammoths grazed on the Arctic plains, these isotopic signatures were integrated into their ever-growing tusks, creating a permanent record of the animals’ whereabouts with almost daily resolution.
And so by analyzing those tusks, they were able to say where this particular mammoth lived throughout its long life:
Nature said:
The bull spent much of its early life in the Yukon River basin and wider Alaskan interior, where it made repeated, long-distance journeys between smaller territories. The migratory behaviour is similar to those of modern elephant groups, which suggests that the young mammoth was moving with a herd.

At about 16 years old, the isotopic pattern in the tusk becomes more variable. The mammoth probably wandered longer distances in less regular patterns than during its juvenile years. This could indicate that it left its herd to roam freely, as has been observed in mature males from living elephant species. For around a decade, it travelled widely across its range, sometimes visiting areas in which other mammoth remains have been found.

In the last year and a half of the animal’s life, its stamping grounds shrank to a single region near the northern coast of Alaska within the Arctic Circle. A distinctive isotope pattern recorded at the base of the tusk showed the “telltale hallmark of starvation in mammals”, which was probably what caused its death.
Like riding its back thousands of years after the fact - very cool.

Full article: https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-02206-1
 

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https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-58252784

US lab stands on threshold of key nuclear fusion goal

A US science institute is on the verge of achieving a longstanding goal in nuclear fusion research.
The National Ignition Facility uses a powerful laser to heat and compress hydrogen fuel, initiating fusion.
An experiment suggests the goal of "ignition", where the energy released by fusion exceeds that delivered by the laser, is now within touching distance.
Harnessing fusion, the process that powers the Sun, could provide a limitless, clean energy source.

This is quite exciting. Clean and potentially endless energy!
 

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In perhaps more creepy news.

https://www.sciencealert.com/scient...o-make-mini-brains-they-grew-rudimentary-eyes

Mini brains grown in a lab from stem cells have spontaneously developed rudimentary eye structures, scientists report in a fascinating new paper.

On tiny, human-derived brain organoids grown in dishes, two bilaterally symmetrical optic cups were seen to grow, mirroring the development of eye structures in human embryos. This incredible result will help us to better understand the process of eye differentiation and development, as well as eye diseases.
 

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Every time I see some kind of potentially great breakthrough nothing ever seems to come of it :lol:
There's just so many steps to achieving it. Each step is a milestone though. The lead scientist says that this is effectively enough electricity to boil a kettle and they will need to repeat this thousands of times a second before it's worthwhile.

We're still decades away from thinking about building fusion reactors commercially, but we are (very slowly) knocking down the scientific barriers to getting there.
 

11101

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https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-58252784

US lab stands on threshold of key nuclear fusion goal




This is quite exciting. Clean and potentially endless energy!
Hope they do it. The previous record of 67% was set all the way back in 1997. It gets exponentially harder the closer you get to breakeven though.

Half the problem is these things need more power than the grid can provide. The ITER experiment in France will use more than some European countries.
 

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There's just so many steps to achieving it. Each step is a milestone though. The lead scientist says that this is effectively enough electricity to boil a kettle and they will need to repeat this thousands of times a second before it's worthwhile.

We're still decades away from thinking about building fusion reactors commercially, but we are (very slowly) knocking down the scientific barriers to getting there.
Boiling the kettle for free? That would half my leccy bill :lol:
 

Buster15

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There's just so many steps to achieving it. Each step is a milestone though. The lead scientist says that this is effectively enough electricity to boil a kettle and they will need to repeat this thousands of times a second before it's worthwhile.

We're still decades away from thinking about building fusion reactors commercially, but we are (very slowly) knocking down the scientific barriers to getting there.
Totally agree with your last point. There is massive efforts worldwide focusing on developing a commercial nuclear fusion capability.
We may be a few decades away. But I am concerned that it will be done. However, it will ultimately come down to cost.
 

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Hope they do it. The previous record of 67% was set all the way back in 1997. It gets exponentially harder the closer you get to breakeven though.

Half the problem is these things need more power than the grid can provide. The ITER experiment in France will use more than some European countries.
as per the ending of the article

"Turning this concept into a renewable source of electrical energy is likely to be a long process and will involve overcoming substantial technical challenges, such as being able to re-create this experiment several times a second to produce a steady source of power," said Prof Chittenden.
 

11101

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as per the ending of the article
It's a bit like trying to squash a sleeping bag back into its cover. The more you press on it, the more it tries to escape. The more the power and temperate and pressure and everything else increases, the more the plasma tries to escape.


I wonder how they manage to contain the heat that they say is as hot as the sun's core. Impressive but equally scary.
There are different approaches, but basically you have to make it float. There is no material that can hold it. The most common approach is magnets but the one in this article uses lasers.
 

Buster15

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It's a bit like trying to squash a sleeping bag back into its cover. The more you press on it, the more it tries to escape. The more the power and temperate and pressure and everything else increases, the more the plasma tries to escape.




There are different approaches, but basically you have to make it float. There is no material that can hold it. The most common approach is magnets but the one in this article uses lasers.
The lasers are actually the initial heat source with a huge amount of energy focusing on a very small size of a Hydrogen isotope.
The magnet is there to hold this in place in order to create the huge pressure.
Because of the small size of the the Hydrogen isotope, the temperature is actually orders of magnitude higher than that of the Sun core.
At those temperatures, the Hydrogen atom looses it Electron to become only a positive proton. Any 2 protons that can get close enough to eachother will automatically repel. But if they can actually be smashed together, the Strong Force will overcome the Electromagnetic Force and bind them together. Then the Weak Force turns one of the Protons into a Nutron and ejects a tiny amount of mass. In doing so, the 2 fused Hydrogen Protons become a Helium Atom which is slightly lighter.
And it is that tiny amount of mass that results through E=MC2 to provide the heat energy.
In principle, perfectly simple.
In practice, extremely difficult to achieve and sustain using less energy than the output.
But it will be done, I have no doubt.
 

Maagge

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I wonder how they manage to contain the heat that they say is as hot as the sun's core. Impressive but equally scary.
It's not really the same as having a liter of a very hot liquid. The density of the particles isn't close to that of a liquid.
It's essentially the particles that have the very high temperature, they cool down immediately upon touching anything as their thermal mass is very small. That also means you need to keep the particles from touching anything as you then lose them. So you have to keep them suspended in magnetic fields which is it's own challenge.
 

11101

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The lasers are actually the initial heat source with a huge amount of energy focusing on a very small size of a Hydrogen isotope.
The magnet is there to hold this in place in order to create the huge pressure.
Because of the small size of the the Hydrogen isotope, the temperature is actually orders of magnitude higher than that of the Sun core.
At those temperatures, the Hydrogen atom looses it Electron to become only a positive proton. Any 2 protons that can get close enough to eachother will automatically repel. But if they can actually be smashed together, the Strong Force will overcome the Electromagnetic Force and bind them together. Then the Weak Force turns one of the Protons into a Nutron and ejects a tiny amount of mass. In doing so, the 2 fused Hydrogen Protons become a Helium Atom which is slightly lighter.
And it is that tiny amount of mass that results through E=MC2 to provide the heat energy.
In principle, perfectly simple.
In practice, extremely difficult to achieve and sustain using less energy than the output.
But it will be done, I have no doubt.
I know very little about inertial confinement fusion but I thought once they had started the reaction the lasers kept the inward explosive force evenly spaced around the fuel, and there was no need for magnets. Its own inertia kept it contained hence the name.

Magnetic containment is the simpler (to my mind) method and uses the huge magnets and magnetic fields to suspend the plasma.
 

Buster15

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I know very little about inertial confinement fusion but I thought once they had started the reaction the lasers kept the inward explosive force evenly spaced around the fuel, and there was no need for magnets. Its own inertia kept it contained hence the name.

Magnetic containment is the simpler (to my mind) method and uses the huge magnets and magnetic fields to suspend the plasma.
You could well be right as there are a number of variations in the methodology. I have been looking at the ITER and the UK Tokamak developments.
 

11101

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You could well be right as there are a number of variations in the methodology. I have been looking at the ITER and the UK Tokamak developments.
ITER/tokamaks are based around magnetic confinement, which is what you describe above. NIF uses inertial confinement which is a little bit like starting a thermonuclear bomb. The outer shell of the fuel sphere is set off first using lasers, which as well as exploding outwards also pushes inwards, the force of which starts the fusion reaction in the core of the sphere.