In 1975, the
People's Supreme Court found in favour of a group of marginalised gay artists who were claiming compensation and reinstatement in their place of work. The court's ruling was the initial change in official attitudes towards gays and lesbians. In the same year, a new Ministry of Culture was formed under the leadership of Armando Hart Dávalos, resulting in a more liberal cultural policy. In addition, a commission was established to investigate homosexuality, leading to the
decriminalisation of same-sex relationships in 1979.
Cuban gays were expelled or took the opportunity to leave Cuba during the
1980 Mariel boatlift. From the early stages of the massive exodus,
the government described homosexuals as part of the "scum" that needed to be discarded so the socialist society could be purified.
[36] Some homosexuals were given the ultimatum of either imprisonment (or extended terms for those already imprisoned) or leaving the country, although
Fidel Castro publicly denied that anyone was being forced to leave.
In
1981, the Ministry of Culture stated in a publication entitled "
In Defence of Love" that homosexuality was a variant of human sexuality. The ministry argued that homophobic bigotry was an unacceptable attitude inherited by the revolution and that all sanctions against gays should be opposed.
[20]
In
1986, the National Commission on Sex Education publicly opined that
homosexuality was a sexual orientation and that homophobia should be countered by education.
[20] Gay author
Ian Lumsden has claimed that since 1986 there is "little evidence to support the contention that the persecution of homosexuals remains a matter of state policy".
In
1988, the government
repealed the 1938 Public Ostentation Law and the police received orders not to harass LGBT people. In a 1988 interview with Galician television, Castro criticised the rigid attitudes that had prevailed towards homosexuality.
In
1995, Cuban drag queens led the annual May Day procession, joined by two gay delegations from the United States.
In a
2010 interview with Mexican newspaper
La Jornada, Castro called the persecution of homosexuals while he was in power "a great injustice, great injustice!" Taking responsibility for the persecution, he said, "
If anyone is responsible, it's me.... We had so many and such terrible problems, problems of life or death. In those moments, I was not able to deal with that matter [of homosexuals]. I found myself immersed, principally, in the
Crisis of October, in the war, in policy questions."