It's not that odd, medicals are there to spot any potential problems that could lead to chronic injuries or weaknesses. They're actually pretty redundant a lot of the time, as the selling club is meant to provide the player's full medical history. It's more to do with due diligence than anything else.
Højlund just had a minor issue that needed rest and meant he wasn't available straight away, but they rated him highly enough to do go through with it.
Hargreaves is perhaps a better example of an odd transfer, in hindsight. You have to wonder what happened with picking up the tendonitis in his knee, as apparently he had the issue already when at Bayern. I can only imagine that they didn't think it was that serious and could be managed, but then a serious knee injury compiled the situation and it became an aggressive weakness. So it was either negligence from the medical team, or just really bad luck for Owen. I know he had some harsh words for them when he left, although that might have stemmed from personal anguish and frustration with what happened to his career.