Wrong. Read the thread, ball doesn’t need to be under control, same situation as crosses going into the box and pens given without player in control.
They either thought the ball was out of play before the ‘main’ foul. But ball is clearly in play.
Or, they though Jesus dived or bought it.
Nope. In crosses/corners, there is a chance that the player can get the ball, here it was zero. A similar situation might have been the ball to be in some other part of the pitch (let's say in defense), while a defender tackles an attacker in the other zone. Ball still in play, but no pen would be given (though it might be a red card, etc). On other words, if Materazzi had headbutted Zidane instead, it wouldn't have been a penalty for France. Just a red card for Materazzi and an indirect kick or whatever.
Laws of football are very short, so there doesn't exist 'the rule doesn't say so'. The rules are subject to interpretation and referees are not robots. Penalty is given when you deny a chance in the zone. If there is no chance (i.e the ball is getting out of play without any chance for the player to get it), then you don't get the penalty. There are of course other reasons why it might not have been given:
- Kompany was trying to not hit Jesus, while Jesus, knowing that the ball is getting out, went for a contact which he could have avoided.
- The foul (not necessarily the contact) happened while the ball was out of play.
- Brazil were diving all day long so there might be bias there from refs, and so they might have been biased to not give the pen, genuinely think that it wasn't a pen. Just look at rival fans who for the same event might have totally different opinions.